The video monitoring sector is undergoing a significant transformation with the introduction of the latest standards aimed at enhancing image detail classification.
Last year, the long-standing DORI framework from 2014 was replaced by the more advanced OODPCVS classification. This change is prompting companies like Hikvision to adjust their products and design resources to assist partners in adapting to these new standards.
Advancements in Technology and Standards
The evolution of industry standards is critical to accommodate technological advancements. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has significantly upgraded the IEC 62676-4:2025 standard, redefining how image detail is classified and assessed in video monitoring systems.
These updates align with breakthroughs in digital imaging and AI-driven video analytics, responding to a growing demand for detailed visual definitions in modern security applications.
Motivations for Change
Since the DORI framework's inception, there have been notable advancements in camera technology
Since the DORI framework's inception, there have been notable advancements in camera technology and AI capabilities that necessitated a standards revision. The shift to high-resolution, multi-sensor cameras has outpaced the capabilities outlined in the Detection, Observation, Recognition, and Identification (DORI) framework.
Additionally, AI analytics have grown in sophistication, requiring more detailed and precise image definitions for applications such as motion detection, license plate recognition, and activity analysis. The diversity in video monitoring applications across sectors like transportation, energy, retail, and logistics further emphasizes the need for a more robust framework.
The Leap from DORI to OODPCVS
DORI offered simplicity but lacked the granularity needed for modern tasks, leading to the development of the OODPCVS classification. This seven-level framework—Overview, Outline, Discern, Perceive, Characterize, Validate, and Scrutinize—provides specific guidance on camera resolution requirements for various applications. For instance, while the DORI framework required 250 px/m for identification, OODPCVS raises this requirement to 500 px/m under the "Validate" category.
Comparing DORI and OODPCVS
DORI Framework: Defined by the 2014 standard, DORI categorizes image detail into four levels: Detection (25 px/m), Observation (62 px/m), Recognition (125 px/m), and Identification (250 px/m).
OODPCVS Framework: Introduced in 2025, it includes seven levels: Overview (20 px/m), Outline (40 px/m), Discern (80 px/m), Perceive (125 px/m), Characterize (250 px/m), Validate (500 px/m), and Scrutinize (1500 px/m).
Benefits of OODPCVS Implementation
The introduction of the OODPCVS framework offers practical benefits for video monitoring systems
The introduction of the OODPCVS framework offers practical benefits for video monitoring systems, ensuring improved accuracy, reliability, and operational functionality.
Designers can benefit from more precise system planning, setting accurate pixel density targets, which informs better camera and lens selection. This ensures systems perform reliably, meeting user expectations. AI functionality aligns seamlessly with OODPCVS, allowing specific tasks to pair with appropriate operation and pixel density levels, such as "Classified Object Detection at Perimeters" at 80 px/m or "Forensic Detail Capture" at 1500 px/m. Furthermore, this framework enhances collaboration within the industry by providing a common reference for manufacturers, integrators, installers, and end users.
Hikvision's Proactive Adaptation
With the industry transitioning to the IEC 62676-4:2025 standard, Hikvision is actively updating product specifications and design tools to reflect these new requirements.
This commitment ensures that partners are equipped with the resources needed to plan installations effectively and ensure that projects meet the desired performance and operational standards. By offering support for both current and legacy systems, Hikvision is working to provide comprehensive solutions that accommodate the latest standards.
Video monitoring standards play a key role in the development of the industry. Last year, the well-known DORI framework, which was introduced in 2014, was replaced by OODPCVS, a new, more sophisticated classification which better reflects the needs of modern technologies. In response to this shift, Hikvision is actively aligning its products and design resources to support our partners in navigating this transition to higher industry standards.
As technology advances, so the relevant industry standards that govern it need to evolve. Last year, the IEC 62676-4:2025 standard, which is published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), introduced a major update to how image detail levels are classified and evaluated in video monitoring systems. This reflects significant advances in digital imaging, AI-driven video analytics, and the growing need for more refined visual detail definitions in modern security applications.
Several key developments
Why did the image detail classification need to evolve?
Since the previous edition of the standard was released in 2014, several key developments combined to make an update essential.
Substantial advances in camera resolution - Perhaps the most significant of these has been the substantial advances in camera resolution. Today’s video systems rely on high-resolution and multi-sensor cameras. These greatly out-perform the technical assumptions made in the Detection, Observation, Recognition, and Identification (DORI) image detail classification framework that was introduced in 2014.
AI analytics requires clearer, finer image detail definitions - Since 2014, AI-driven analytics has transformed the capability of video monitoring systems. Today they detect motion, people, vehicles, and animals, are used for identifying individuals, reading vehicle license plates and analyzing activities and events. But all of these applications depend on high granularity of pixel density within the video. Moreover, each use case requires a specific level of image detail, which the older framework could not sufficiently describe.
Industry applications have grown in complexity - Since the DORI classification was introduced, the range of industries which have adopted video monitoring technology has greatly increased. Video-based applications are now widely used in transportation, energy, retail, and logistics. At the same time, the application scenarios have grown significantly in complexity. These increasingly diverse deployments demand more consistent and precise definitions of image requirements to ensure reliable performance.
Describing nuanced tasks
How does the new OODPCVS classification compare with DORI?
DORI’s simplicity made it widely adopted, but it also introduced limitations. With only four broad levels (Detection, Observation, Recognition, and Identification), it was not well-suited for describing nuanced tasks or meeting the precision required by modern video analytics. This created the need for a more flexible, granular framework.
To address these evolving needs, the 2025 standard introduces a more detailed image detail classification framework – Overview, Outline, Discern, Perceive, Characterize, Validate, and Scrutinize (OODPCVS). With these seven clearly defined levels, the OODPCVS framework offers a more modern, AI-ready evolution of the DORI framework, providing explicit guidance for determining the required camera resolution for diverse applications.
For example, the pixel density required to identify a person or read a license plate is raised from 250 px/m (classified in the DORI framework as “Identification”), to 500 px/m (classified as “Validate” in OODPCVS). This ensures sufficient image detail, especially in low-light conditions or dynamic scenes with motion blur.
Performing certain operations
DORI: Four-level image detail classification
DORI, based on IEC 62676-4:2014, defines four levels of image detail required to perform certain operations:
| Operation | Image Detail | Pixel Density |
| Detection | Determine whether a person or object is present | 25 px/m |
| Observation | Observe characteristic details or behavior patterns without identification | 62 px/m |
| Recognition | Determine a person or vehicle as the same one seen earlier | 125 px/m |
| Identification | Identify a person or read specific identifying information like a plate number | 250 px/m |
Seven categories of operations
OODPCVS: Seven-level image detail classification
The new IEC 62676-4:2025 standard introduces seven categories of operations and image detail levels:
| Operation | Image Detail | Pixel Density |
| Overview | General awareness, such as detecting a distant moving object | 20 px/m |
| Outline | Distinguish object shapes and track movement | 40 px/m |
| Discern | Distinguish between persons, vehicles, and animals | 80 px/m |
| Perceive | Detect presence and movement with more certainty, though characteristics remain unclear | 125 px/m |
| Characterize | Identify object features such as a person’s gait or a vehicle type | 250 px/m |
| Validate | Verify known persons or read license plates | 500 px/m |
| Scrutinize | Forensic-level inspection that meets passport-photo clarity standards | 1500 px/m |
Video monitoring systems
What are the practical benefits of OODPCVS?
The OODPCVS framework ensures that video monitoring systems can better support real-world operational needs, enhancing accuracy, reliability, and system design workflows.
- More accurate system planning - Designers can now define more precise pixel density targets for each monitored zone, enabling better informed camera and lens selection. This gives end users and operators confidence that the system will perform as intended.
- Better alignment with AI performance needs - Each AI task can be matched to a defined combination of operation and pixel density level. For example, “Classified Object Detection at Perimeters” could be defined as “Discern” at 80 px/m. “Vehicle Feature Analysis” could be “Characterize” at 250 px/m. “Facial Recognition” might be “Validate” at 500 px/m, and “Forensic Detail Capture” defined as “Scrutinize” at 1500 px/m.
- More reliable video evidence and daily operations - The higher clarity levels required by OODPCVS will improve reliability and efficiency of video analytics and incident investigation and will give operators better overall situation awareness.
- A unified communication framework for the industry - Manufacturers, system integrators, installers, and end users can reference the same set of classification definitions, improving collaboration and reducing ambiguity.
Updating product specifications
The evolution of IEC 62676-4 represents an important advancement for the security industry, aligning image detail classification with modern digital imaging and AI-driven use cases. As the industry moves toward the IEC 62676-4:2025 standard and the OODPCVS framework, they recognize how essential it is for their partners to work with tools and products that reflect the latest requirements.
Hikvision is now actively updating product specifications, system design tools, and other related resources. These updates will help partners plan camera placements more precisely and design projects with greater confidence.
They remain committed to providing clear guidance and future-ready solutions that support both the new standard and legacy deployments—ensuring that every project meets the performance levels and operational requirements defined by customers.
